Fluid-gas compressor and refrigerating unit



1. FRANKENBERG.

FLUID GAS COMPRESSOR AND REFRIGERATING UNIT. APPLICATION FILED NOV, I2, 1917- 1,412,237. Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

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Q lg I5 N IVS Io I 1' I 1 I 1 I I I I I I I 1 I (11) mg I I w/rA ms: I j/WE/VTOR I 4% 0. Q BY A TTORNEI J. FRANKENBERG. FLUID GAS coMPREs soR AND REFRIGERATING UNIT.

APPLICATION FILED NOV=1 2, 1917- I 1,4;12,27, Patented- Apr. 11, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 WITNESS. Euro/2 A TTORNEY J.FRANKENBERG;

FLUID GAS COMPRESSOR AND REFRIGERATING UNIT. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, 1917. Y

Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

5 SHEETS SHEET 3- ATTORNEY 1. FRANKENBERG. FLUID GAS COMPRESSOR AND REFRlGERAT-ING UNIT.

APPLICATION r1120 NOV- 12, I917. v

Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET. 4.

ATTORNEY APPLICATION FILED NOV 12. 1.917.

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A; m d5 z i 3 W 1 WI A1 UNITED STATES- PATENT. OFFICE;

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, FLUID-GAS comimsson Ami nnrnrenaarme UNIT.

To all obrwerfi: i

Be it known that I, J was FRANKENBERG,

a citizen of the United States, and resident. of Chi'cago,-in the county of Cookand State. of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements'in a Fluid-Gas Compressor and Refrigerating Unit, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the like, which produce refrigeration by the well known compression system, employing 'a gas compressor, a suitable'condenser to .liquefy 'the compressed gases, evaporate these so obtained liquids-in suitable refrigerator coils or chambers and return these vapors again to the compressor.

The objects of this invention, are, to provide the complete compression or high side of a refrigerating machine which by reason of its simplicity, durability, safety and compactness of its design and economy in its operation is specially adapted for small units'for domestic or kindred-purposes; one

which jemploys a multistage gear rotary compressor, wherein the gases are gradually I compressed thus affording great efficiency;

one which will operate at high rotative speed thereby enabling the size 6 penses with suction'anddischarge valves and which Yentirely i dispenses with all friction producing mechanism, since the gears for. the gases are located'in close proximity to i the walls of the compressor casing, but do -not actually touch them; one, in which the stufiing-box is exposed to the light or low?- pressure-' hf the first stage only; and one in which the possibly entrapped liquid .in' the suction' gases cannot come in contact with the stui'ling box,thus rendering the said box safe to be operated at all times, even when in the hands ofxan unskilled attendant; and

one which-employs an air cooling devicewhich' effecti-vely and simultaneously cools both the compressor and condenser.

. Other objects-and advantages of the in-- vention will be disclosed in the subjoined specification-and explanation.

In the accompanying drawings which serve'to' illustrate an embodiment of the in- .vention, Fig. 1 is a view; in side elevation V the compressor ---to be reduced to a minimum; one which d1s- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented A111. 11, 1922- Application filed November 12, 1917. Serial No. 201,426.

offl-theapparatus showing-a fragment of a motor used for supplying the motive power thereto.

Fig.- 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken on lines 22 of Figs. 4 and '6,

'lookingin p the direction indicated by the arrows. 1

Fig. '3xis a plan sectional view of the come plete machine. refrigerating apparatus 'of the type, using pressor taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 2, look-.

ing in the direction indicated and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the compressor taken on line 7-'-7 of Fig. 2, lookby the arrows,

i'ng in the direction indicated by the arrows.

- Like numerals of-reference refe'rto corresponding parts throughout" the different views of the drawings. The reference numeral 10 designates a suitable base, upon which the compressor and condenser, as well as, an electric motor or any other suitable prime mover may be;

mounted for use in furnishing rotary motion to the drive shaft of said compressor.. As

is clearly shown, in the drawings, parti'cw' -'larly in Figs. 2, 3, 4, (iand 7. thereof, the

compressor which is indicated as a whole their gas. impinging or impelling members carried thereby. These shafts. 38' and 39,

by the reference numeral 11 is circularin cross-section, and accommodates. a pair of spaced apart, but parallel rotary shafts and rotate in suitable anti-friction bearings. 19

and these bearings -are=located in the front head 14 and rear. head 13, of the cylindrical -casing..11. Each of these shafts has at the high pressure side of. the compressora suitable'ant'kfriction thrust bearing 20, to take 'up the axial thrusts produced. The rear head 13 is made in one piece with the casing- 11, while the front head l4,is bolted to the opposite end of said casing by bolts 15-.'

I I do not wish to confine myself to the use of any.-the aforesaid refrigerating media, or to ait'y -"particular refrigerant, but for small units and moderate refrigerator temperatures, I consider sulphur dioxide (S0 as the most suitable for the purpose, on

located between said housings.

account of its moderate pressures, lubricating qualities, great density and the ease with which it may be condensedby air cooling. The (S0,) machine requires a plural, and preferably a three stage compressor as shown in the drawings, but in case of such pressures as are produced, for instance by ammonia, more stages must .be provided, in-

pairs, and are closely fitted into housings2l,

22 and, 23 respectively, located .in the casing 11. One set of the gears is mounted upon the shaft 39 and will be rotated by the motor shaft 74 in a clockwise direction,

when looking towards the compressor, therefore, the opposite set of gears35, 36 and 37 mounted on the shaft 33 willv be turned in a counter-clockwise direction, in other words, both sets of gears will turn towards each other. The housings 21, 22 and 23 are hollow castings and so are the partitions 2424,

The partitions are closely fitted around the gear shafts, but do not necessarily act as bearings for these shafts. For the sake of convenience and assembling, the partitions 2-1-24, are made in two symmetrical halves as shown in Fig. 7.

All of the aforesaid housings and partitions are closely fitted within the bore of the cylinder 11. The low pressure stage 21 forms with the cylinder 11, a concentric groove 17 into which is fitted a tongue 16 ofthe front head 14. \Vhen the housings, partitions and gear shafts aforesaid are properly assembled in the cylinders 11, the cylinder head 14 is bolted tightly upon these members by means of bolts .15.. Since the flange 12 of the cylinder 11 does not touch the head 14, as shown in Fig, 2 of the drawings, and the tongue 16 of said head 14 being pressed in the same time against the soft rubber ring 18 fitted closely into the groove 17, an effective gas tight joint will be afforded. Since all the remaining surfaces of the compressor :;are carefully machined, all possible internal leakage is reduced to a minimum. Housings 40 and 41, are bolted to the front and rear heads of the cylinder 11, by means of bolts 42 and 43 and the housing 40 has a stuffing-box 40, for the shaft 39,- nich box includes suitable packing 46, the gland 44 and the gland bolts 45. All joints of the compressor'are thus effectively made gas tight, except the suction and discharge openings. The gear shaft 39, and the motor shaft-74, each carry one half coupling 4O and'48, whereby the driving power is obtained from the motor 75. 1 1

A suction pipe 32, leads into the suction 'the bent condenser pipes 62 and 63.

chamber 31 located at -th'e lower part of the compressor, while .a discharge pipe 58, leads from the discharge port'34, at the upper .part of the compressor.

Discharge connections with the condensers 64 and 65, are made by means of suitable connections leading into the branch-T 61, from which lead These condensers, consisting of two oval coils, are placed in close proximity to and on. either side of the compressor, and are fastened by means of straps 66to the base plate 10. The lower bent pipes 67 and 68 lead into the upper part of liquid receiver 69,to thoroughly drain the condenser-of all accumulated liquid; and a liquid pipe 70 leads from the liquid receiver, as shown in thedrawings and in a manner familiar to the art.

As mentioned above, the inventionprimaril relates to small units using sulphur dioxice as a refrigerant and an air cooling 'device is resorted to for cooling the condensers and compressors simultaneously. For larger installation, I would prefer a water-jacketed compressor and a water cooled condenser therewith to obtain more economic'al results, but these are compensated for by the safety and simplicity which air cooling affords in small units.

The air cooling device consists of a plurality of fan blades 49 suitably attached to the periphery of the motor coupling 48. The fan blades revolve in a fan housing 50, which is bolted to the base plate 10 by means of screws 51. Around the fan housing 50, is bent a suitable metal sheet which is fastened to said fan housing andbase plate by screws 53 in a manner shown in the drawings, thus forming a hood.52, which encompasses the condensers and compressor. By this arrangement the compressor and condensers are effectively swept by the air currents produced by the fan and, since the greatest part of these currents should act on the condenser surfaces, a deflecting plate 55 is placed at the end of the machine in such a way as to force said air currents through both condenser coils in approxi mately equalquantities. The deflector plate is bolted to the hood 52 and the base plate 10, by screws 56 and 57.

The operation of the machine is as follows: By rotating the shaft 39 in a clockwise fillTQCtlOIl, looking towards the compressor,

in a nearly inversed ratio to their sizes, as

suction chamber 31 and lower part of the hollow housing 21 through the suction port 30. Through port 72, see Fig. 6, the gas is taken up by the gears 35 and delivered into the top of the housing 21 through port 73, thence to the lower part of the hollow housing or stage 22, through ports 25 and 26 and port 29 of the partition or receiver 24, see ig. 7. The intermediate stage 22 is made smaller in capacity than the low pressure stage, whichmay be effectedby making the stage narrower as indicated in Fig. 2, or by using finer teeth, or by both methods. In either event, the stage 22 will handle a. smaller amount of gas than the preceding stage, therefore the gas will be compressed suming adiabatic compression. The proportioning of these stages is sub]ect toprecise thermodynamical laws and can therefore be accurately determined. The compressed gas is now delivered in a similar manner to the high pressure stage 23, through the ports 27, 29, Fig. 7. and 28, and is thence discharged through port 33 into the discharge chamber 34, and finally into the condensers 64 and 65. The compressed gases are. now liquefied by the air currents produced by the fan 49 and are drained into the liquid receiver 69. Since the circumferentialarea ofthe compressor is very large compared to its capacity, the heat of compression is also considerably reduced by the air currents, which makes it possible to use smaller condensing surfaces.

Occasion may arise, where it may benecessary to employ gears which have different teeth from those referred to in the present invention and which may be reduced to any number of teeth to suit the requirements. Therefore, I do not wish to confine myself to any specific design of gear, just as long as geared pumps for compressing gas are em )loyed.

t ince the gears are run at a high rotative speed which is generally the same as that of its motor to which it may be directly connected. economical results and smooth running of the compressor are obtained by providing each stage with gas receivers thereby at all times providing a full supply of gas to each individual stage. which is accomplished by making the housings 21,. 22 and 23 also the partitions 24-24: hollow and of ample cubic capacity. The pressure of the low pressure stage is very low, especially in the (30,) machine, thereby excluding from the stufiing-box high pressure gases. Liquid that may be entrained in the suction gases is prevented from entering the front housing and coming in contact with the striding-box packing, which is another important feature contributing to the safe operation of the machine When placed in inexperienced hands.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is;

1. In a self-contained machine of the character described, the combination with a condenser including a pair of spaced upright coils in communication with one another, of a graduated multi-stage gear positive rotary compressor for gas located between said coils and having communication therewith, a. hood encompassing said condenser and compressor and having an opening at one of itsend,

a fan arranged within said opening of the hood to create air currents therethrough, and a deflector plate vertically mounted at the end. of the hood opposite the fan and terminating at its side edges short of the side and having communication therewith, a-

hood encompassing said condenser and-compressor and having an opening at one of its ends, a fan arranged within said openlng fhf the hood to create air currents there- "through, and adeflector plate vertically mounted at the end of the hood opposite the fan and extended from its top to its bottom but terminating at its side edges near the surfaces of the coils of the condenser. adjacent the compressor.

3. In a. self-contained machine of the char acter described, the combination with a condenser including a pair of spaced upright coils in communication with one another, the

convolutions of each coil being horizontally- .elongated, of an elongated graduated multistage gear osit-ive rotary compressor for gas located ongitudinally between said coils and having communication therewith, a hood encompassing said condenser and compressor and having an opening at one of its ends, the side walls of said hood being located in parallelism with and near external sides of the condenser coils, a fan arranged within said opening of the hood to create and maintain air currents therethrough and a. deflector plate vertically mounted the end of the hood opposite the fan and terminating at its side edges short of the side walls of the hood.

Jumps rnANKfiNBERG.

' iiitnesses: Y i I iJHAS. C, TILLMAN, inure (1, Bean. 

